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Extraordinary women, overlooked stories, and a more complete history. Explore the lives, ideas, and achievements that changed the world.

20th century women

Women who lived during the 20th century.

Suffragist vs Suffragette: What’s the Difference?

October 23, 2026July 22, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel
A suffrage parade with banners moves through a crowded New York street.

Words used for voting-rights campaigners carried arguments about tactics, respectability, and power. An insult reclaimed by activists could express the very defiance it was meant to dismiss.

Categories Women's Suffrage Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, american women, british women Leave a comment

Gertrude B. Elion: Groundbreaking Chemist Who Helped Create the AIDS Drug

October 23, 2026July 14, 2019 by Kate Walker
Gertrude Elion and George Hitchings sit among laboratory glassware and equipment.

She helped change how medicines were developed, bringing a more targeted approach to drug research that produced treatments for serious diseases and earned major scientific recognition.

Categories Inventors, Scientists Tags 20th century women, american women, editor's pick, female nobel prize winners, women chemists Leave a comment

Nettie Stevens: A Discoverer of Sex Chromosomes

October 21, 2026July 4, 2019 by Kate Walker
Nettie Stevens wearing a dark hat and a high-collared blouse.

Her chromosome research helped explain how biological sex develops, advancing genetics while showing how easily a woman’s contribution could be overshadowed by male colleagues.

Categories Scientists Tags 20th century women, american women, editor's pick 2 Comments

Fannie Lou Hamer, the Civil Rights Activist Who Fought for Black Political Power

October 21, 2026July 1, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel
Fannie Lou Hamer facing the camera, wearing a necklace.

After risking her home and enduring a brutal jail beating, Fannie Lou Hamer took Mississippi’s fight for Black political representation to the 1964 Democratic convention.

Categories Women Activists Tags 20th century women, african american women, black women, women in civil rights, women singers 2 Comments

Women’s Suffrage and Prohibition: Strange Allies

October 23, 2026June 22, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel
Members of the Weston Woman's Christian Temperance Union pose outside a house.

Campaigns for women’s votes and alcohol prohibition once shared organizers and goals, building an unexpected alliance that helped advance demands for sweeping social reform.

Categories Unexpected Connections, Women's Suffrage Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, american women, christian women, radical women in history, temperance movement leaders 8 Comments

The Surprising History Of The Birth Control Pill That Almost Wasn’t Invented

October 23, 2026May 13, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel
Margaret Sanger, Ethel Byrne and Fania Mindell stand amid a crowd on courthouse steps.

Determined activists and private funding helped turn the birth control pill from an uncertain research project into a development that transformed women’s reproductive choices.

Categories Unexpected Connections, Women's Achievements, Women's Rights Tags 20th century women, american women, editor's pick, women nurses Leave a comment

The Inspiring History of Women in Firefighting in the US

October 21, 2026May 6, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel
Women demonstrate firefighting equipment as a group watches outside a workhouse.

Women fought fires long before they were widely welcomed into the profession, challenging exclusion as they moved from volunteer work into paid service and leadership.

Categories Women's Achievements Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, american women, women firefighters, women in civil service Leave a comment

3 Daring Female Astronauts That Beat The Odds

September 5, 2020April 25, 2019 by Keri Lynn Engel

Women pushed beyond discrimination and skepticism to travel into space, expanding the possibilities for space exploration and the ambitions of those who followed them.

Categories Scientists, Women Firsts, Women's Achievements Tags 20th century women, african american women, black women, russian women, women astronauts Leave a comment

Top 5 Brilliant Patented Inventions by Women

October 21, 2026February 25, 2019 by Carly Klein
A patent drawing of Margaret E. Knight's paper bag machine.

Women’s inventions transformed household tasks, industrial materials, and medical research, solving practical problems while challenging a patent system that underestimated their ideas.

Categories Inventors, Women's Achievements Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, english women Leave a comment

3 Great Female Speakers In History

October 23, 2026February 22, 2019 by Guest Author

Powerful speeches can rally support, challenge injustice, and change expectations. Women who commanded public attention offer practical lessons in making your own words count.

Categories Leaders & Rulers, Other, Women Firsts, Women's Achievements Tags 20th century women, american women, british women, women prime ministers Leave a comment

Julia Chase-Brand, Breaking Down Barriers for Women Athletes

August 23, 2016 by Danika Kimball

She entered a distance race women were forbidden to run, challenging restrictions that kept female athletes off the starting line and out of serious competition.

Categories Athletes, Scientists Tags 20th century women, 21st century women, american women, women doctors, women psychiatrists, women runners 1 Comment

Mary Treat, Victorian Entomologist and Visionary Biologist

October 21, 2026August 9, 2016 by Miranda Garno Nesler

Her meticulous observations earned the respect of leading scientists and challenged established ideas, demonstrating how much careful study of the natural world could uncover.

Categories Scientists, Women Writers Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, american women, victorian era, women biologists 5 Comments

Ann Hopkins, Pioneering Law Firm Partner

October 14, 2022April 20, 2016 by Gillian Thomas
The columned facade and steps of the U.S. Supreme Court building.

Denied a partnership and told to become more feminine, she challenged workplace discrimination in a legal battle that helped expose the consequences of sex stereotyping.

Categories Women Firsts Tags 20th century women, american women, businesswomen, women lawyers 1 Comment

Mary Bunting, Champion of Women’s Education

October 21, 2026March 29, 2016 by Fredda Sacharow/Rutgers Today

She challenged the limits placed on women’s education, building opportunities for students of different ages and changing expectations of who belonged at leading universities.

Categories Scientists, Teachers Tags 20th century women, american women, women in education, women pioneers in education Leave a comment

Bessie Coleman, Fearless Aviator Breaking Barriers

October 21, 2026March 23, 2016 by Karen Bush Gibson
Bessie Coleman standing beside the cockpit of a biplane.

Denied flight training at home, she traveled abroad to earn her pilot’s license, then thrilled audiences with aerial stunts while challenging segregation on the ground.

Categories Other, Women Firsts Tags 20th century women, african american women, american women, black women, women pilots 3 Comments

Nancy Harkness Love, WWII Pilot & Commander

October 21, 2026March 17, 2016 by Sarah Rickman
Nancy Harkness Love wearing an aviation uniform with insignia.

She recruited and led women pilots during wartime, demonstrating their ability to fly military aircraft and expanding the responsibilities they were allowed to take on.

Categories Other, Women Firsts Tags 20th century women, american women, women in world war ii, women pilots 2 Comments

Melanie Klein, the Founding Mother of Children’s Psychology

March 1, 2016 by Danika Kimball

She took children’s inner lives seriously, developing theories that challenged her peers and helped reshape psychoanalysis despite her unconventional path into the profession.

Categories Other, Scientists, Women Writers Tags 19th century women, 20th century women, austrian women, european women, Self-Taught Women 2 Comments

Margaret Hamilton, the Woman Behind the Moon Landing

October 21, 2026January 4, 2016 by Danika Kimball
Margaret Hamilton stands beside a tall stack of Apollo software listings.

Her team’s software kept an overloaded spacecraft computer focused on landing, helping protect a historic mission and establish new standards for reliable software engineering.

Categories Inventors, Scientists, Women Entrepreneurs Tags 20th century women, american women, women computer programmers Leave a comment

Margaret Nash, courageous WWII POW navy nurse

October 21, 2026March 25, 2014 by Mary Cronk Farrell
A group of rescued Navy nurses gathered around a uniformed officer.

She nursed fellow prisoners through disease and near-starvation in a wartime camp, then survived to continue caring for patients and teaching others to do the same.

Categories Other Tags 20th century women, american women, women in medicine, women in the military, women in the navy, women in world war ii, women nurses 14 Comments

Gertrude Bell, Al Khatun: Queen of the Desert

March 18, 2014 by Elizabeth Chandler
Gertrude Bell stands in front of a tent in Iraq.

Her expertise in the region carried her from archaeology into wartime intelligence and state-building, where her political influence and museum work helped shape a country’s future.

Categories Artists, Leaders & Rulers, Other Tags 20th century women, english women, women adventurers, women archaeologists, women photographers, women spies 2 Comments
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