The Eucharist as Breastfeeding: Medieval Women Mystics and the Body of Christ
Julian of Norwich and Mechthild of Magdeburg used motherhood to describe divine power, from Christ feeding believers to a woman nourishing him.
Women worth knowing
Extraordinary women, overlooked stories, and a more complete history. Explore the lives, ideas, and achievements that changed the world.
Explore women’s history through the ideas, movements, and pursuits that shaped their lives.
Julian of Norwich and Mechthild of Magdeburg used motherhood to describe divine power, from Christ feeding believers to a woman nourishing him.
Women financed expeditions, managed territories, and supported armies on the front lines, taking part in religious wars that shaped political power across borders.
Women commanded troops, defended cities, and entered chivalric orders, challenging the familiar image of knighthood and claiming recognition for military courage and leadership.
Women rode, ranched, competed, and defended their communities on the frontier, building lives of skill and independence that challenged expectations of what women could do.
The campaign for constitutional equality divided allies over labor protections, legal strategy, and women’s rights, sustaining a struggle that outlasted generations of activists.
Women’s discoveries transformed understanding of matter, heredity, and life, advancing scientific fields even as exclusion and discrimination limited access to research and recognition.
The fight to recognize consent within marriage challenged laws that protected husbands from prosecution, transforming the legal understanding of sexual violence and women’s autonomy.
Black women challenged exclusion in medicine, nursing, and research, expanding professional opportunities and improving care for communities neglected by existing institutions.
Heavy skirts and restrictive corsets limited women’s movement. Campaigns for practical clothing linked everyday comfort with greater freedom to participate in public life.
Women’s discoveries have too often been credited to men, obscuring the work behind scientific advances and shaping whose achievements later generations are taught to remember.
Motherhood holds joy, exhaustion, humor, and conflict. Women’s words give those experiences expression while making room for the individuality of both mothers and daughters.
Black women’s writing and art helped drive a cultural movement, bringing new voices into public life and influencing how communities understood and represented themselves.
Black businesswomen built thriving enterprises despite racism and sexism, creating jobs and supporting education, community institutions, and opportunities others had been denied.
Women’s convictions about religion shaped lives of achievement in science, literature, and philosophy, connecting intellectual independence with debates over belief and freedom of thought.
A rush for gold created unusual opportunities for women to earn money, own businesses, and shape frontier communities through enterprise that extended well beyond mining.
Women helped organize a defining civil rights demonstration while facing exclusion from its public platform, exposing the gap between their essential work and the recognition they received.
She challenged rules that barred women from legal practice, securing professional recognition and creating a path for others to enter a male-dominated field.
Enslaved women fought in court for their own freedom and their children’s, using legal claims to challenge a system that treated their families as property.
A challenge to women’s exclusion from political office changed how constitutional language was understood, opening opportunities and rejecting a reading of personhood that favored men.
Women could own property and exercise substantial legal rights in this ancient society, challenging assumptions that women’s financial independence belongs only to the modern world.